Bumrungrad Health Briefs #34: Understanding Endometriosis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options
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Endometriosis is a chronic condition affecting 190 million women worldwide and up to 10% of women of reproductive age, with a higher prevalence in women with pelvic pain (around 60%), and severe pain after take oral contraceptive around (around 75%).
It occurs when tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing pain, inflammation, and scar tissue. Commonly affected areas include the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the pelvic lining.
Symptoms and Causes
Symptoms of endometriosis can vary but often include:
- Pelvic pain, especially during menstrual periods or during intercourse
- Painful bowel movements or urination during menstruation
- Heavy menstrual bleeding or bleeding between periods
- Infertility
The exact cause of endometriosis is unclear. Theories include retrograde menstruation (where menstrual blood flows backward into the pelvic cavity), immune system disorders, genetic factors, and cellular transformation.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing endometriosis involves a detailed medical history, pelvic examination, and imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI. Laparoscopy, a minimally invasive surgical procedure, might be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and assess disease severity.
Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life and may include:
- Medications: Pain relief with NSAIDs and hormonal therapies to reduce or eliminate menstruation and limit endometrial growth.
- Surgery: For severe cases or those unresponsive to medication, surgical removal of endometrial implants and scar tissue may be necessary. Minimally invasive techniques like laparoscopy offer reduced recovery time and fewer complications.
Comprehensive Care at Bumrungrad Women’s Center
At Bumrungrad International Hospital’s Women’s Center, we offer a multidisciplinary approach to endometriosis treatment. Here is why we are well-positioned to provide superior care:
Advanced Diagnostics: Our center is fitted with state-of-the-art equipment for accurate diagnosis.
Expert Team: Our team includes specialists in gynecology, reproductive Endocrinology & infertility, pain management, and minimally invasive surgery, ensuring personalized treatment plans.
By combining advanced technology, expert care, and holistic support, Bumrungrad Women’s Center is dedicated to improving the lives of women with endometriosis, helping them manage symptoms and maintain a better quality of life.
If you suspect you have endometriosis or seek specialized care, our team is here to help.
Provided by Dr. Chantawat Sheanakul
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