Robotic technology is changing surgery by helping surgeons plan procedures more precisely, see anatomy in greater detail, and control instruments with enhanced stability. These systems do not replace the surgeon or make independent decisions. The surgeon remains responsible for every movement and uses robotic technology as an advanced tool during selected operations.
For patients, this may mean a carefully planned operation tailored to their anatomy, while surgeons can perform complex steps with improved visualisation and controlled movements.
In minimally invasive robotic surgery, the surgeon operates from a console and controls robotic arms equipped with a high-definition 3D camera and small surgical instruments. The instruments can bend and rotate beyond the natural movement of the human wrist, which may be especially helpful in narrow, deep, or difficult-to-reach areas.
The da Vinci Xi system may be used for selected procedures involving the:
- Prostate, kidneys, bladder, and adrenal glands
- Uterus, ovaries, and other pelvic organs
- Lungs, chest, and esophagus
- Liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and digestive tract
- Hernias and some weight-loss procedures
- Head, neck, and throat
Robotic systems are also changing orthopaedic surgery. MakoPlasty uses a CT-based 3D model of the patient’s joint to support surgical planning for partial knee replacement, total knee replacement, and total hip replacement. During the operation, the surgeon controls a robotic arm that helps guide bone preparation and implant positioning within the planned area.
Benefits of robotic-assisted surgery may include:
- Greater precision, stability, and control
- Smaller incisions and less visible scarring
- Less blood loss and postoperative discomfort
- Reduced impact on surrounding healthy tissue
- Shorter hospital stays for suitable patients
- Faster recovery and return to daily activities
- More accurate alignment and positioning of joint implants
However, robotic surgery is not suitable for every patient or every condition. The recommended approach depends on the diagnosis, anatomy, severity of disease, previous surgery, overall health, and the surgeon’s training and experience. Robotic procedures still carry risks associated with surgery and anesthesia, including bleeding, infection, blood clots, and injury to nearby structures.
Bumrungrad Robotic Surgery Center uses the da Vinci Xi system for selected minimally invasive procedures, while Bumrungrad Sports Medicine & Joint Center provides Mako robotic-arm-assisted knee and hip replacement. A specialist consultation can help determine whether robotic-assisted surgery, conventional minimally invasive surgery, or open surgery is the most appropriate option.
Provided by the Robotic Surgery Center and Sports Medicine & Joint Center at Bumrungrad International Hospital.
